Economic Geography is a specialized branch of human geography that examines the spatial dimensions of economic activities. It focuses on how economic processes, such as production, trade, and consumption, are distributed across different geographic areas and how this distribution is influenced by and impacts geographical factors.
Definitions from various scholars emphasize different aspects of Economic Geography. Dudley Stamp highlights its focus on the geographic and productivity factors influencing trade and production. E.W. Zimmermann sees it as a study of economic life in relation to the environment. J. Mac Farlane points out the impact of physical geography on economic activities, including land form and climate. Hartshorn and Alexander describe it as the study of spatial variations in economic activities, aiming to develop theories to explain these patterns. Chisholm stresses its role in predicting future commercial development based on geographic factors.
Further definitions from contemporary scholars include:
- Paul Krugman and Anthony Venables describe it as the study of the location, distribution, and organization of economic activities across the Earth.
- Richard Peet focuses on how resources, transportation, and market access influence economic patterns.
- Trevor J. Barnes addresses the spatial aspects of economic processes and their effects on global economies.
- William D. Pattison explores the relationship between economic activities and geographic space.
- Neil M. Coe and Philip F. Kelly emphasize the role of geography in shaping economic distributions and impacts.
Economic Geography involves examining the spatial distribution of resources, economic activities, regional development, global trade, and economic inequalities. It provides insights into how geographical factors shape economic systems, helping inform economic planning and policy-making.
